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    7/5/2009

    錢鍾書先生-《管錐編》左傳正義66/67哀公十一年/十二年

    《管錐編》左傳正義66哀公十一年
         “子胥使於齊,屬其子於鮑氏,為王孫氏。反役,王聞之,使賜之屬鏤以死”;《註》:“私使人至齊屬其子,改姓為王孫,欲以辟吳禍。”按杜說迂曲,一若子胥身自使齊而復別使人至齊屬子者。趙一清《東潛文稿》卷下《大夫出使、長安家老從行說》云:“與杭二丈同觀梁辰魚所撰《浣紗記·伍員寄子》一劇。堇浦曰:‘子識之乎?此《儀禮》所謂大夫奉使,其長子家老從。故吳季札使於齊,長子死,葬於嬴博之間是也。子胥奉使,禮得挈子從行;迨反役而子不來,王怒其有二心也,因加之罪而殺之。杜預以為私使人至齊屬其子,非也。’”杭世駿語本之《聘禮》:“君弔介為主人”;賈公彥疏:“古者賓聘,家人適子皆從行;是以延陵季子聘於齊,其子死,葬於嬴、博之間。”此解最確;徒引《史記》、《說苑》等尚未足以折杜也。
     
    《管錐編》左傳正義67哀公十二年
              “長木之斃,無不摽也;國狗之瘈,無不噬也”;《註》:“摽,擊也”;《正義》:“國狗猶言家狗。”按定公八年,“擊之,與一人俱斃”,《註》:“斃,仆也”;哀公二年,“擊簡子中肩,斃於車中”,《註》:“斃,踣也”。木“斃”亦即謂其倒仆,故有“摽”人之懼,非言桐死槐枯也。“國狗”猶言良狗,與“大木”對;《公羊傳》僖公十年,“驪姬者,國色也”,《解詁》:“其顏色,一國之選也”,“國狗”之“國”,亦作此解。《莊子·徐無鬼》:“是國馬也,而未若天下馬也”,“國狗”正如“國馬”;《繕性》:“未得國能,又失其故行矣”,“國能”謂其國之絕技也。

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