Helen's profile书薄人淡PhotosBlogLists Tools Help
    6/29/2009

    錢鍾書先生-《管錐編》左傳正義62定公四年

              吳從楚,“又敗之。楚人為食,吳人及之,奔,食而從之”。按省去兩主詞,申言之當曰:“楚人奔,吳人食而從之”;“奔”前“食”後,分承“楚人”前而“吳人”後,層次井然,文不足而意足(understood)。《墨子·非儒》下:“子路為烹豚,孔某不問肉之所由來而食;褫人衣以沽酒,孔某不問酒之所由來而飲”,省去一主詞,申言之為:“子路褫人衣以沽酒”;竊謂倘如《左傳》此節,並省去第二“孔某”,逕作:“不問酒之所由來而飲”,亦復條貫不紊,理順詞達也。雜舉古人意申不待詞備數例。《易·同人》:“先號咷而後笑”,《象》曰:“同人之先,以中直也”;即:“同人之先號咷而後笑,以中直也”,後世約言之,可為:“同人如此,以……”,或為“先號後笑,以……”。《詩·大雅·板》:“天之牖民,如壎如篪,如璋如珪,如取如攜,攜無曰益,牖民孔多”;即“如取攜壎,如取攜篪,如取攜璋,如取攜珪,取攜無曰益”,後世約言之,可為:“天之牖民,如取壎篪,如攜璋珪。”《禮記·鄉飲酒義》:“吾觀於鄉,而知王道之易易也”,鄭玄註:“鄉、鄉飲酒也”,後世約言之,當為:“吾觀鄉飲”或“觀於鄉飲”,省“酒”字而必不省“飲”字。《曲禮》下:“國君去其國,止之,曰:‘奈何去社稷也?’大夫曰:‘奈何去宗廟也?’士曰:‘奈何去墳墓也?’”即:“大夫去其國,止之,曰……士去其國,止之,曰……”;後世約言之,可為:“止去國,於君曰:……,大夫曰……,士曰……”。《少儀》:“始見君子者,辭曰:‘某固願聞名於將命者’;敵者曰:‘某固願見’;罕見曰:‘聞名’;亟見曰:‘朝夕’;瞽曰:‘聞名’”;鄭註:“曰:‘某願朝夕見於將命者’”;即始見瞽之辭必同於始見君子之辭而略為“聞名”二字,“敵者”前略“始見”,“瞽”前略“始見”、後略“者”,更不待拈出。《韓非子·說難》:“凡說之難,非吾知之,有以說之難也;又非吾辯之,能明吾意之難也;又非吾敢橫失,而能盡之難也”,即:“非吾知之難……又非吾辯之難……又非吾敢橫失之難……”,“敢”者,“不敢”也(參觀前論僖公二十二年);《史記·老、韓列傳》載此文“非吾辯之難”,雖臆增“難”字而足示意緒語脈焉。後世約言之,可為:“凡說,非吾知而有以說之難也,非吾辯而彼明吾意之難也,又非吾敢橫失而吾能盡之難也”;庶幾稍點煩而未至大損風調、窒意理歟。

    Comments

    Please wait...
    Sorry, the comment you entered is too long. Please shorten it.
    You didn't enter anything. Please try again.
    Sorry, we can't add your comment right now. Please try again later.
    To add a comment, you need permission from your parent. Ask for permission
    Your parent has turned off comments.
    Sorry, we can't delete your comment right now. Please try again later.
    You've exceeded the maximum number of comments that can be left in one day. Please try again in 24 hours.
    Your account has had the ability to leave comments disabled because our systems indicate that you may be spamming other users. If you believe that your account has been disabled in error please contact Windows Live support.
    Complete the security check below to finish leaving your comment.
    The characters you type in the security check must match the characters in the picture or audio.

    To add a comment, sign in with your Windows Live ID (if you use Hotmail, Messenger, or Xbox LIVE, you have a Windows Live ID). Sign in


    Don't have a Windows Live ID? Sign up

    Trackbacks

    The trackback URL for this entry is:
    http://heilunlau.spaces.live.com/blog/cns!E8CBE094C012698B!4050.trak
    Weblogs that reference this entry
    • None