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    6/28/2009

    錢鍾書先生-《管錐編》左傳正義57昭公二十二年

          “賓孟適郊,見雄鷄自斷其尾,問之侍者,曰:‘自憚其犧也。’”按陸佃《埤雅》卷四《狨》云:“取其尾為臥褥、鞍被、坐毯。狨甚愛其尾,中矢毒,即自嚙斷其尾以抑之,惡其為深患也。氂牛出西域,尾長而勁,中國以為纓,人或射之,亦自斷其尾。左氏所謂‘雄鷄自斷其尾’”。夫中矢方自斷其尾,則二獸見事遲於此鷄多多矣。故董逌《廣川畫跋》卷四《雄鷄斷尾圖》云:“余聞麝被逐則自抉其臍;猩猩被執則嚙其膚;蚺蛇取膽者或不死,見人則示其創處;翠碧人網得之,不急取則斷其羽毛。凡物憚為世用者,其慮皆知出此,然不若雄鷄先患而預圖之。”此鷄殆禽中之“新豐折臂翁”哉!西方傳說,海獺見逐,即自嚙斷其外腎而逃,知人所欲得止此也;《堂·吉訶德》中嘗取為比喻,亦可參觀。

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