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    6/19/2009

    錢鍾書先生-《管錐編》左傳正義33-36襄公九年/十四年/二十一年(一)(二)

    《管錐編》左傳正義33襄公九年
               “公子騑進曰:‘天禍鄭國,使介居二大國之間’。”按《漢書·西域傳》下樓蘭王對簿曰:“小國在大國間,不兩屬無以自安。”

    《管錐編》左傳正義34襄公十四年
              師曠曰:“天生民而立之君,使司牧之,弗使失性。……豈其使一人肆於民上,以從其淫,而棄天地之性。”按兩“性”字《註》、《正義》皆未釋。昭公八年,“莫保其性”,《註》:“性,生也”;十九年,“民樂其性而無寇讎”,《正義》:“性,生也。”皆本《白虎通·性情篇》:“性者,生也。”此處兩“性”字亦作“生”解;“天地之性”即《易·繫辭》所謂“天地之大德曰生”。

    《管錐編》左傳正義35襄公二十一年(一)
              “於是魯多盜,季孫謂臧武仲曰:‘子盍詰盜?’……武仲曰:‘子召外盜而大禮焉,何以止吾盜!’”按昭公七年,無宇曰:“若以二文之法取之,盜有所在矣!”二節可以合觀,皆已逗《莊子·胠篋》、《盜跖》兩篇議論。《詩·蕩》云:“盜言孔甘,寇攘式內”,《困學紀聞》卷三說之曰:“有民賊,則賊民興”;此之謂也。

    《管錐編》左傳正義36襄公二十一年(二)
              “欒祁與其老州賓通幾無室矣”;《註》:“言亂甚。”按是矣而未貼切。《墨子·公孟》:“室以為男女之別也”,《內則》:“為宮室,別外內”;“無室”則外內不別,無所避忌。《史記·周仁傳》:“於後宮秘戲”,《索隱》:“所宜秘也”;杜甫《宿昔》:“宮中行樂秘,少有外人知”。“無室”即不秘其事,外人盡知矣。參觀昭公二十八年,“祁勝與鄔藏通室”。

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